Female chauvinist and male patriarchs: a critical analysis of gender relations in Ama Ata Aidoo’s Changes: A Love Story
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25159/2078-9785/1928Keywords:
female chauvinists, male patriarchs, marital rapeAbstract
This article examines gender relations in Ama Ata Aidoo’s Changes: A Love Story (henceforth Changes). The novel depicts a gender crisis among the educated and career-oriented women working in government offices in Accra. The focus is on women’s education, sexuality, marriage, and marital rape. The three women protagonists, Esi, Opokuya and Fusena, find the institution of marriage challenging and hold the view that it hampers their career development. Esi is highly educated compared to the other female characters. She is a female chauvinist, who feels too powerful to be controlled by a man. She finds herself in the most complicated situation in her marriage, because of her feminist views, which she acquired from Western education. Although she abhors the dominance of men over women, her sexuality naturally brings her into relationships with male patriarchs. Her views about love and marriage are superficial and irreconcilable with the realities of her society. She divorces her first husband because of marital rape and goes into a polygamous marriage, which she also finds unfulfilling. In this article, I argue that Esi’s problems in her first marriage are due to her uncompromising character and her inability to engage her husband in order to strike a balance between family obligations and career goals. In addition, I argue that Esi does not realise her expectations in the second marriage because she emotionally and selfishly goes into it without understanding the rules that govern polygamous marriages.
Metrics
References
Aidoo, A.A. 1991. Changes: A love story. New York: Feminist.
Allan, T.J. 1993. Afterword. In Changes: A love story, by A.A. Aidoo. New York: Feminist.
Azumurana, S.O. 2013. The dilemma of Western education in Aidoo’s “Changes: A love storyâ€, Naylor’s “The women of Brewster Palaceâ€, and Morrison’s “Belovedâ€. Comparative Literature and Culture 15(1):2-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7771/1481-4374.2073
Curry, G. 2011. Women from Ghana: Their urban challenges in Ama Ata Aidoo’s novel: “Changes: A love storyâ€. Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies 32(1): 179-198. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5250/fronjwomestud.32.1.0179
Dzokoto, V., and G. Adams. 2007. Analyzing Ghanaian emotions through narrative: A textual analysis of Ama Ata Aidoo’s novel: “Changesâ€. Journal of Black Psychology 33(1):94-112 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0095798406295097
Elia, N. 1991. To be an African working woman: Levels of feminist consciousness in Ama Ata Aidoo’s Changes. Research in African Literatures 30(2):136-147. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/ral.2005.0065
Fubara, A.M. 2014. Figures of pedagogy in Ama Ata Aidoo’s “Changes†and Buchi Emacheta’s “Double Yokeâ€. Port Harcourt: Rivers State University, Nigeria.
Gyimah, M.C. 1999. A Sexual politics and phallocentric gaze in Ama Ata Aidoo’s “Changes: A love storyâ€. In Emerging perspectives on Ama Ata Aidoo, eds. A.U. Azodo and G. Wilentz Trenton: Africa World Press.
Mc Williams, S. 1999. Strange as it may seem, African feminism in two novels by Ama Ata Aidoo. In Emerging perspectives on Ama Ata Aidoo, eds. A.U. Azodo and G. Wilentz. Trenton: Africa World Press.
Nfah–Abbenyi, J.M. 1999. Flabberwhelmed or turning history on its head? The postcolonial woman-as-subject in Aidoo’s “Changes: A love storyâ€. In Emerging perspectives on Ama Ata Aidoo, eds. A.U. Azodo and G. Wilentz. Trenton: Africa World Press 1999.
Olaussen, M. 2002. About lovers in Accra: Urban intimacy in Ama Ata Aidoo’s “Changes: A love storyâ€. Research in Africa Literature 33(2):61-80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/ral.2002.0055
Simpson, W.S. 2007. What fashion of loving was she ever going to consider adequate? Subverting the ‘Love Story’ in Ama Ata Aidoo’s “Changesâ€. English in Africa 34(1):155-171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/eia.v34i1.41379
Uwakweh, P.O. 1999. Free but lost: Variations in the militant’s song. In Emerging perspectives on Ama Ata Aidoo, eds. A.U. Azodo and G. Wilentz. Trenton: Africa World Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Accepted 2016-11-21
Published 2017-02-24